Eating Disorders in Gymnasts Essay - 1995 Words

Eating Disorders in Gymnasts At a gymnastics meet in Budapest, a U.S. judge commented that gymnast Christy Henrich would have to lose weight if she wanted to make the Olympic team. On July 26, 1994, Christy Henrich died of multiple organ failure. She had lost a long battle with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that involves extreme weight loss, restricted food intake, and an intense fear of becoming fat. The American Psychiatric Association outlines four diagnostic criteria for anorexia. The first is refusal to maintain body weight. The second is intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight. The third is denial of the seriousness of low body weight. The†¦show more content†¦They also resolve to diet rigorously to compensate for the weight gained during the binge. Bulimia has many symptoms. Bulimics have a preoccupation with food and are usually secretive about their addiction to food. A bulimic’s self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight. Bulimics suffer from internal bleeding, including gastric ulcers due to trauma from forceful vomiting. Bulimics have tooth and gum decay caused by stomach acids. They also have swollen salivary glands, and broken blood vessels in their eyes, as a result of self-induced vomiting. Bulimics are typically high achievers. Bulimia and anorexia have found their way into the sport of elite, or Olympic-level gymnastics. In a 1992 University of Washington study of 182 female college athletes, 62% of college gymnasts have practiced at least one form of disordered eating. This percentage was higher than that of any other sport. Many elite gymnasts have come forward to admit that they suffer from eating disorders. These gymnasts include: 1970 world medallist, Cathy Rigby, 1972 Olympian Nancy Marshall, 1984 Olympic medallist Kathy Johnson, 1989 junior national champion Erica Stokes and Christy Henrich. Cathy Rigby suffered from a twelve-year bout with bulimia nervosa. She went into cardiac arrest on two occasions as a result of it. She feels very strongly about the lack of education about eating disorders inShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia1614 Words   |  6 Pagesdeadly eating disorders that can cause severe physical and mental health problems. Anorexia is an eating disorder of self- imposed starvation and a mental illness. In fact, anorexia has one of the highest death rates of any mental illness(Gerri FreidKramer, page 15). Bulimia is a mental eating disorder characterized by overeating followed by purging(Gerri Freid Kramer, page 21). People with bulimia are known for self induced vomiting, and using laxatives or diuretics. Both eating disorders areRead More Eating Disorders And Gymnastics Essay2469 Words   |  10 PagesEating Disorders And Gymnastics Eating disorders are especially common among athletes because the pressure of the sport environment frequently precipitates the onset of these problems. In this population, certain compulsive behaviors such as excessive exercise and restricted eating patterns are seen as acceptable, and pathogenic methods of weight control are often introduced. In addition, concern about body size and shape is increased because of the social influence for thinness [from coachesRead MoreEating Disorders Has Affected The Lives Of Many Athletes Around The World1546 Words   |  7 PagesEating disorders have affected the lives of many athletes around the world. Being scared of being overweight but rather caused by an addiction to food can result in the development of an eating disorder. 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The advertising moguls use their agencies as double edged swords; they will make ads for McDonalds, then go in the next room and conduct a photo-shootRead MoreEssay on The Stress of Childhood Gymnastics2757 Words   |  12 Pagesyears have gone by it has turned into something other than a place for kids to grow and learn. Its overwhelming commitment has continued to replace kids’ childhoods with stress, mental and physical pain and eating disorders. Many results have come from this change in the gymnastics society. Gymnasts have come to a point where they have been told and directed to understand that winning is the only important factor in gymnastics. â€Å" It’s about the elite child athlete and the American obsession with winningRead More Eating Disorders Essay1625 Words   |  7 Pageslife of a family dealing with an eating disorder. Eating disorders are a major problem with the young people of todays society. 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Notes On Family Therapy Approaches - 1501 Words

Running Head: Comparing Theories 1 Alan Bradley University of Phoenix MCC/ 04/17/2015 Comparing Theories 2 Family Therapy Approaches Paper Cognitive-Behavioral, Behavioral, Psychoanalytic, and Experiential are all forms of family therapy. Each of these therapies has many similarities and differences. To choose the correct treatment to help with your family’s needs can be challenging. In this paper, we will examine the assessment and treatment of each of these therapies. We will examine how they are similar and different. Finally, we will examine you each of these theories deals with poverty. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy was inspired by the work of Albert Ellis (1962) and Aaron Beck (1976) and emphasizes the need for attitudinal change to promote and maintain behavioral modification (Nichols, M.P. 2010). The main element of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy is that our interpretation of other people’s behavior affects the way we respond to them. Our cognitions, emotions, and behavior are viewed as exerting influence on one another. The simple way to look at this theory is that thought, feelings, and behaviors are linked. If we can change one of these, we can change the others. Assessment Cognitive-Behavioral therapists must observe the problem,Show MoreRelatedEmotional Expression Within The Family1286 Words   |  6 Pagesimportance placed on emotional expression within the family, I could not but help to agree with concluding portion of the chapter. Nichols mentions that experimental therapy was most popular in the 1970’s and the among of faith and value that was placed on emotional expression limited the importance of family structure. It is not hard to imagine how this therapy fell out of favor. Nevertheless, I also completely agree that because most family therapy approaches are focused on cognition and behaviors, emotionalRead MoreFamily Focused Therapy Models Within The Context Of Grief And Bereavement1543 Words   |  7 Pagespurpose of this paper is to analyze family focused therapy models within the context of grief and bereavement. Of note, bereavement and grief often accompany a wide variety of losses however, this paper will specifically focus o n the physical loss or death of an immediate family member. First, this paper will provide a brief background of bereavement, illustrating the stages of grief and potential consequences. Additionally, it will examine the role of family in relation to the experience of bereavementRead MoreMy Goals As A Social Worker Practitioner1737 Words   |  7 Pages Author note This paper was prepared for SWK 607, Section 480, taught by Professor Deborah Willis Abstract Postmodern viewpoints emphasize the constructed nature of reality and the need for collaborative relationships between client and social worker/therapist. Social workers that use postmodern approach examine socio cultural issues such as how client problems and beliefs become socially constructed, the need for empowerment of marginalized clients, the political nature of therapy, and a needRead MoreCatherine describes that the entire family is becoming involved in the therapy, as they all learn1000 Words   |  4 PagesCatherine describes that the entire family is becoming involved in the therapy, as they all learn to communicate to Anne Marie the way Bridget does, and learn to use positive reinforcement for good behaviors. Catherine notes Anne Marie begins to look at them more, and to become involved in the world. One day, Anne Marie points to a fountain, and then looks at Catherine, as if to show her the water. Catherine now understands the therapy is working. Catherine begins to n ag Anne Marie consistently aboutRead MoreInteractionist Perspective798 Words   |  4 PagesTheoretical Approaches 2 Many theoretical approaches may be used when assessing the behavior of the characters in One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest. The characters are thought to be mentally ill, however when examining them through the use of the theoretical approaches one realizes that there may be no problems with the characters at all. Nurse Rachet, a head nurse that conducts group therapy and dispenses medications, could be responsible for the characters behavior. Nurse Ratchet consistentlyRead MoreIndividual And Family Structured Therapy Models Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesWithin both individual and family structured therapy models, there exists pros and cons. Individual therapy, as mentioned before, is centered around a client–counselor interaction, where the counselor focuses his or her attention on the client’s needs. This provides a one–on–one interaction that encourages openness and security. During individual therapy, the client has the counselors undivided attention. This in return allows the counselor to focus specifically on the clients concerns. As we’veRead MoreEssay on Childhood Apraxia of Speech1600 Words   |  7 Pagesstates that it is important for one to â€Å"note that while CAS may be referred to as ‘developmental apraxia,’ it is not a diso rder that children simply ‘outgrow’† (â€Å"Causes and Numbers,† 2011). With most disorders related to speech development, the child learns everything in the same order as others, just slightly slower than their peers. If a child is experiencing CAS, on the other hand, they do not learn sounds in the usual patterns and cannot improve without therapy or treatment. Though there is no cureRead MoreCognitive Therapy Case Conceptualization Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesThe client: Elena Elena is an adolescent female, coming to the therapy process demonstrating through actions and words a great deal of anxiety and overall apathy for her situation. Elena is a smart, socially engaged Mexican American attending public high school. She opens the session with presenting problems regarding conflict over what she might do after high school. Preliminary conceptualization from a cognitive perspective Overall, there is an obvious feeling of disempowered regardingRead MoreHistory And Future Of Marriage And Family Therapy1280 Words   |  6 Pagesinteresting to note the differences and similarities between the two intellectual and highly respected individuals within the field of Marriage and Family Therapy (MFT). Each makes many valid points yet with such opposing viewpoints. By taking a closer look at some specific areas one may see that though these men have different beliefs on how treatment should be conducted, there are also some parallels. Some of the topics will include the history and future of Marriage and Family Therapy (MFT), whatRead More Interactionist Perspective Essay780 Words   |  4 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Theoretical Approaches 2 Many theoretical approaches may be used when assessing the behavior of the characters in â€Å"One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest†. The characters are thought to be mentally ill, however when examining them through the use of the theoretical approaches one realizes that there may be no problems with the characters at all. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Nurse Rachet, a head nurse that conducts group therapy and dispenses medications, could be responsible

Problematic Sollutions Essay Paper Example For Students

Problematic Sollutions Essay Paper Problematic SolutionsWith the New Year approaching great change will undoubtedly accompany the new millennium. Changes in technology and the arts will emerge naturally but as the times change it is our responsibility to ensure that social policies are designed to best benefit society. Drugs, crime, violence, poverty, and illiteracy are all rising at amazing speeds and this indicates a problem in our current social policy. While there are many possible reasons for these problems the corresponding rise in white illegitimacy is the largest factor. Charles Murray identified this problem in an article in the Wall Street Journal. He came up with possible solutions that he felt would cure this societal illness. His suggestions were good but unreasonable. He touches on both societal and governmental reform and although many of his suggestions are valid they would cause more harm then good. His recommendations include ending governmental economic support such as welfare, subsidized housing and food stamps, increasing social stigma, and returning to the ideals held in the mid 20th century. Although these suggestions do contain some validity in theory, I dont believe that implementation would have the desired effect. Murrays opinion is that some women go through with pregnancy because they know the government will support them through the Welfare system. Therefore Murray feels this economic policy should be abolished. To understand his theory you must look at illegitimacy as a circle: It is a fact that women, especially teenage women, are more sexually active today than in the past. One reason for this increase is that they know the government has systems designed to support them if they become pregnant. This serves as a safety net for the women therefore they are more sexually active. Murray feels that by cutting out this policy women wont have that safety net. This will cause them to be less sexually active in turn cutting down the number of illegitimate births. This may work for some women, but Murray doesnt stipulate as to what happens to the women it does not work for. Cutting out the welfare system will leave those who use, rather than abuse, the system out in the cold. It may help decrease the number of illegitimate births but it will also bring great harm to many babies and children. Welfare checks are often used to put clothing on the babys backs and help to support their needs as they grow. Without that money the babys health is put into great jeopardy. Undoubtedly the current welfare system isnt flawless but abolishing it would have much worse effects on children then what is already in place. Instead of using Murrays solution of downright ending welfare simply altering the system could solve many of the problems. Another of Murrays possible solutions for decreasing white illegitimacy is ending the food stamp program. No food stamps means no food, and no food means death for thousands of babies. He makes this suggestion for the same reasons he feels welfare should be done away with. Its a source of governmental aid. He feels that without the aid of the Government women will be less likely to engage in sex. With less sex comes less pregnancy. Although this point may be true it is not valid. The end just doesnt justify the means in this situation. Castration of all men in the world will stop illegitimate pregnancy, but like the elimination of food stamps, that just isnt a possibility. Babies need to eat otherwise they will die. If a woman has a baby that she can not support then that baby will most likely die is someone doesnt intervene. The government is the only institution that can be depended on to take care of such a problem. Murrays suggestion would have more credibility if babies could fe ed themselves but since they can not it is the mothers responsibility. If Murray were a little less extreme then his point would have more validity. One reason food stamps dont always work is because they are sold on the black market for cash instead of being used to buy the baby food and diapers. Fix the solution in order to fix the problem. Lobby for more legislation against the sale of food stamps on the black market. Increase penalties for those caught engaging in those activities and take away the children from the neglectful parents. Another of Murrays ideas to cut down on illegitimate births is to instill on society that people who have illegitimate children should be looked down upon. This Scarlet Letter approach is wrong and has no place in our society today. No one is in the position to judge another human being and this suggestion is absurd. Turning single mothers and their babies into outcasts will produce many of the same effects that are already taking place. If you lo ok down on a single mother then how will her baby be viewed when he ages? I fear a day when our society looks down on people for such reasons because it will be the beginning of a horrible time in history. .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b , .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .postImageUrl , .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b , .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b:hover , .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b:visited , .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b:active { border:0!important; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b:active , .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0e2a91dc74c735de3755de2d0bb73d2b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Five Universe Creation Myths EssayLastly is the idea to reinforce the ideals of the mid 20th century. This would include reinstating the values of marriage and family and the morals of the 1950s. Murray want to repaint the picture of the mom and dad with 2.75 kids and a dog named Lassie. Murray makes this suggestion because the 1950s were a time when a white underclass was unheard of. He figures that by rewinding society through an old Leave it to Beaver; episode everything will be back in shape. Well, this view is utterly out of touch. As times change so does society. This is the reason that we dont leave as they did back in the 1950s in the first place. Children of the 9 0s couldnt be any farther from those in the middle of the century. Children today are forced to grow up much faster then in the past because they are exposed to entirely too much, too soon. Rather then going backwards in history we need to take steps forward. Americas youth must be educated about the problems in society so that they wont relive them as they grow. The key to cutting down on illegitimacy is through the education of youth. Expose teens to the hardships of raising a child so that they think before they act. Get to the core of the problem by reaching young Americans in their prime. The young people of today are the future of tomorrow and they possess the key to all societal change. Reach them when they are young and you will see a dramatic decrease in societies ills. Although Charles Murray correctly diagnosed a great problem in our society his prescription for change was slightly off. He attacks the institutions that are helping many babies make it through to the next day. The focus needs to be less on the mother and more on the baby because, after all, the illegitimate children are the ones driving up the crime rates not their mothers. Granted, the system isnt perfect but what we need is alteration rather then destruction. Attack the children through positive education rather then by asking society to look at them as a lowly being. Educate rather than humiliate and watch that underclass disappear.

Unchanging China Analysis Essays - Economy Of China,

Unchanging China Analysis ~Table of Contents~ Article 1: Unchanging China, News Analysis by David Shapinsky, ABC News. 11/20/99 Article 2: WTO Entry Mixed Blessing for China, By John Leicester, Associated Press Writer. 11/21/99 Article 3: The Imperial Dragon, By Terry McCarthy, Time Magazine. 11/29/99 Conclusion Bibliography Article #1 After rather lengthy negotiations between the United States and China, there has been a trade agreement reached between the two countries. China has agreed to enter into the World Trade Organization(WTO). This along with U.S. Deputy Assistant Defense Secretary Kurt Campbell's visit to China in an attempt to mend relations damaged by the U.S. bombing of the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade, marked a good series of events for U.S. and Chinese relations. The article also shows that the relationship between these two countries still needs work which cannot be done with ease. A century ago, the U.S. fought off rival countries in a battle for economic influence in China. The 20th century began with U.S. Secretary of State Jon Hay arguing that whoever understood China ?has the key to world politics for the next five centuries.? Yet, according to the article, foreign policy experts agree that most Americans see what they want to see. Harvey Sicherman, President of the Foreign Policy Research Institute put it nicely in the article, ?The pattern of our policy toward China is a series of illusions punctuated by unpleasantries.? Professor Michael Hunt, an historian of U.S.-China relations points out, ?We really invest a lot of hopes in China, we do this repeatedly, and they've really been crushed. They are so much an expression of our own needs and our own expectations.? Take the idea of the China market. One Far-Eastern expert proclaimed at the end of the last century, ?No other market in the world offers such vast and varied opportunities for the further increase of American exports.? Take that comment with this one by the U.S. chamber of Commerce about the recent progress made, ?This is really a landmark opportunity to open up China's vast market to American companies.? These expectations could be dangerous, points out the author. The market might not even materialize into what many are predicting it to be. To achieve the ?dream? of a billion-plus consumers of American products, China will have to raise the average income of its citizens which is no easy or short-term task. Such changes cannot happen overnight, China's move toward a market economy will require ?systematic improvement? at all levels of society according to the author. One of the grandest illusions of Western Policy has been the reasoning that it can single-handedly change China. For more than a century Western missionaries, businessmen, and advisers have come to China believing in their ?superiority? over the nation. This arrogance was present because they possessed advanced technical skills and a sense of moral rightness. These Westerners thought they should be welcomed and listened to immediately. When the Chinese went their own way, these same Westerners felt betrayed by the entire nation of China. The author points out a specific example of this occurring in 1949. When the Chinese Communist forces finally took over the mainland and established the People's Republic, many Americans engaged in a witch-hunt over who had ?lost China?, as if China was a thing that could be lost and also as if the United States had any control over the destiny of such an ancient and populous nation. A key to this historical arrogance is the American idea that market forces can rapidly transform an authoritarian government into a model democracy. U.S. trade negotiators still argue the current trade pact between China and the United States will help the Chinese achieve, in their words, ?greater freedom and greater global prosperity.? Robert Dallek, a foreign policy expert and presidential historian, says ?Americans often think the end of such development is something that looks like the United States.? This is an idea that goes way back to the 19th Century. According to Dallek, ?Chinese movement toward democracy may never come about or even come near to what we think it should be.? And if it does, ?It will be their kind of capitalism, their kind of democracy.? The author's points seem clear in that although much progress has been made in recent weeks, there is still a lot of work to be done. Yadong Liu, a former official in the Chinese Foreign Ministry, agrees with the author and does not see China's recent development as leading to the end of conflict with the United States. He emphasizes China's

Description of the Diskobolos

Description of the Diskobolos When sculpted in 450 B.C.E., the Diskobolos was originally crafted in bronze. The sculptor, Myron, used a technique called hollow-casting which was common for Greek sculptors of the Archaic period. The title of the sculpture, Diskobolos, means "disk thrower" in Greek. This sculpture has been reproduced thousands of times, including many marble copies made by the Romans, and plaster casts like the one in our library.The Diskobolos is a very detailed sculpture. The musculature of it shows the athletic ability of Greek athletes. The athlete is sculpted in the nude like many of the other Greek sculptures. The sculpture is attempting to capture the art of athletic ability, during strenuous tasks. The athlete is in the climax of his action. Yet in the action, the athlete is concentrating on his task. The lack of expression on his face and the glare of the eyes portray his concentration.Map of "The archaic period in Greece (750 BC – 4...He is leaning forward at the hip. His upper bod y is twisted showing the torque needed to propel the discus. The athlete's legs are bent at the knees. With all the action going on in his body, the athlete still maintains his center of gravity which is necessary for him to complete the throw. The muscles over the entire sculpture are well defined. His shoulders are clearly defined from the rest of his arms. His chest has well defined pectoral muscles as well as abdominal muscles.Athletic ability was very important to the Greek's. For the first time in history we have art portraying athletes in action. Today the entire world still celebrates the Greek Olympic Games. The gamers were created more than 2500 years ago by the Greeks. Today the winners of the games receive medals, but in ancient Greece the athletes received crowns of olives. The athletes were...

CIS 319 Moores Law essays

CIS 319 Moore's Law essays In many business organizations, management has often dealt with a difficult situation. The cost of the technology. The speed of technology. The size of technology. Each of these things, at one time or another has crossed the desktops of management. At one time the cost of technology was outrageously high. The capabilities of the technology were limited, and the size of the hardware was very large and bulky. Well, times have changed. Management can think less and less about these problems of the past as we see the prices of speedy, slim-lined hardware drop. The capabilities of the equipment available today is significantly better than it was just a short time ago. Dr. Gordon E. Moore foresaw todays reality. He said Computers will be more powerful, and will be organized in completely different ways... the improved reliability made possible by integrated circuits will allow the construction of larger processing units. Machines similar to those in existence today (1965) will be built at lower costs and with faster turn-around. (Moore). His statement, published in 1965, is now a reality. Technology is fast, cheap and reliable. What does this mean for management? In general, Management of most any organization can afford to place capable technologies in the hands of their employees. Speed is important for any business. Time is literally money for an organization. With faster processing speeds, employees of an organization can work faster. It is also possible that an employee can do more because of the speed of the technology available to him or her. The speed of communications between employees, clients, etc is also important. The evolving forms of communications are providing organizations with speedy ways to communicate, which also provide employees with the ability to do more and do it faster. The cost of technology is an important part of any organizations overall plan. Prices ar ...

Risk management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Risk management - Essay Example Information about risk communication, and how it helps in the dimension of psychological understanding of risk is included to the paper. The problem of different risk regarding in cycling by different people is raised in the paper. The last section includes concluding response to this problem. The method used is particularized examination of the literature together with the critical summarizing and personal inferences on the topic. It is a widely known fact that every day people engage in some situations that are more or less predetermined risk possibility (Adams, 1995). It depends from person’s occupation, way of life, social environment and many other factors. Still, a big importance hides in person’s perception and understanding of risk. Moreover, relation to risk situations and appropriate communication stay the ground for the risk management. If to talk about the definition of risk in the field of science, we may observe different investigations concerning this term. Rosa (2003) argues that risk is â€Å"a situation or event where something of human value (including humans themselves) is at stake and where the outcome is uncertain†. In other words it is the potential to lose something valuable for the peculiar person. Hazard comes close to the risk theories and this term is defined as some condition with the potential to induce deplorable implications in the risk situations (HSA, 2014). The problem under investigation is the cyclists (push bike riders) and probability of risk in concern to this occupation. The statistic data demonstrates that cycling is rather save occupation in relation to other kind of sports and bicycle is determined as not dangerous vehicle for transporting people. Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Centre (2012) stays the data that â€Å"in 2012, 726 lost their lives in bicycle/motor vehicle crashes, just under two people

Beat by Dre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Beat by Dre - Essay Example Beats by Dre is a brand name for speakers and headphones produced by a company called Beats Electronics. Beats by Dre has influenced the headphone market and industry by creating successful premium headphone products. According to Dr. Dre, the brand’s focus on bass was motivated by the need to allow music listeners to listen to all the music. The popularity of Beats by Dre was driven by the firm’s marketing practices. The company focused on branding, endorsement deals and product placement. Dr. Dre and Jimmy Iovine use celebrities and other famous personalities for brand endorsement. Beats by Dre headphones were conceptualized after Dre. Dre and Iovine identified a problem with the quality of audio products offered to customers. They identified the substandard audio quality of Apple’s headphones. Initially, Beats by Dre entered into a partnership with Monster Cable to develop and manufacture headphones and speakers. In order to promote the products, Beats by Dre relied on advertisements and product promotions by musician and rappers (Steinberg, 2014, p. 1). The headphones were also strategically placed in music videos and movies. Beats by Dre also collaborated with celebrities and musicians in order to develop co-branded products. Beats by Dre is the dominant player in the headphone market for headphones priced above $100 (Meara, 2014 p. 1). In 2014, Apple, Inc acquired Beats by Dre in a deal that was valued at $3 billion. Porter five forces is a business tool that analyzes a business situation. The tool is based on five assumptions that determine the competitive advantages or powers in a business environment. The first assumption is the threat of substitution services and products, and the second assumption is the supplier’s bargaining power. The third assumption is the buyer’s bargaining power and the fourth assumption is the threat of new entrants. The last assumption is

Athletes as Role Models Essay Example for Free

Athletes as Role Models Essay Principally, the observance of good quality sportsmanship widens outside the in performance playing field and occupy not only the conduct of the players, but the trainer, umpire and parents as well. In order to comprehend sportsmanship, it is a fine thought to inquire yourself, why are you here? In further words, why you and your kid have determined to contribute in any game? These queries may resonate evident, but inspiration and enthusiasm facilitate to conclude results. Partaking in sports construct a pleasure for strength, produce imperative shared abilities as the youngster crafts new acquaintances, and educates broods how to effort as constituent of the same squad. As a full-time player, the child can build up valuable game skills in spite of this that either his side manage to triumph or is defeated. In actuality, the goal of succeeding insipid in contrast to the better, more precious teachings of determination and supervision of achievement and impedance. This details the necessity of sportsman-like shells. To make certain that the child achieves all of the advantages of sports involvement, it is fundamental that first-class sportsman-like ethics be recognized, illustrated and commended. Sportsmanship initiate with the elementary theory of reverence. In order to make possible just play and gratification on and off the ground the courteous behavior of instructors, comates, challengers, umpires and parents is necessary. There is a lot of case in points of reverential, sportsmanlike demeanor in every sport. The coach is a stature of influence and is supposed to have the players’ top welfare in mind. The participant’s consideration for coach’s recommendation, guidance and trend on the playing field constructs collaboration, leading to victory. According to Weinberg Gould, Optimistic communiquà © with co-players is also very important on the field, and oral support is an important phase of excellent sportsmanship. Censure does not advance solidarity. A performer should by no means get annoyed or noticeably distressed at a teammate for producing a blunder. Forthrightness is on the subject of propping up others and operating mutually to revolve faults into helpful erudition practices. Fair-play submits to each player holding an unbiased probability to trail conquest (Weinberg Gould, 1999). If a person is a sport aficionado and a loving parent, one possibly responded in a positive way to these difficulties. If or either you shriek out or lucratively restrain your confrontation in these state of affairs, you epitomize apposite conduct for every child in attendance. A person’s deeds and how you transact with the aggravation will sway the prospective activities and disposition of parents’ own child. According to Crookes, efficient statement for players by coach encloses six fundamentals; comprehensible, to the point, accurate, absolute, well-mannered and productive (Crooks, 1991). Be a fine functioning representation, and make obvious how to be an excellent sport. Youthful competitors are very easily influenced, and their performance is chiefly fashioned throughout education procedures of mock-up and corroboration. Consequently, coaching and encouragement of good sportsmanship commences with one’s own manners and sportsmanlike conduct. Not anything is wrong with flattering discouraged when circumstances on the sports ground don’t go smoothly for your team. However, if either of the parents desires to demonstrate antagonism, proceed incongruously or quarrel in front of an immature team member, the dreadful performance is liable to rematerialize when the player is dealt with comparable sites. Eventually, person’s dealings, expressions and approaches en route for sport will assist to contour child’s personality and manners like an Athlete. In a study regarding coaches and assessing their influences on athletes, Smith and Smoll experimented further than 70 instructors, did oblique more than 80,000 behaviors, and reviewed almost 1,000 athletes. They set up that athletes countered optimistically to coaches who endowed with upbeat opinion subsequent to a good recital attempt, counteractive coaching and back-up after a performance blunder, and technological order and a judicious quantity of universal support dissimilar to performance quality (Smith 2001, Smoll Smith, 2006). References: * Weinberg, R.S. Gould, D. (1999), Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (2nd Edition). Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. * Crookes (1991), Complan Column Athletics Coach, 25 (3), p. 13 * Smith, R. Smoll, F. (2006). Enhancing coach-athlete relationships: Cognitive-behavioral Principles and Procedures; En J. Dosil (Ed.), the Sport Psychologists Handbook (19-37). Reino Unido: John Wiley Sons.

Investments Essay -- Investing Finances Stock Markets Essays

Investments Nearly three quarters of all U.S. households invest in the stock market. And half of all U.S. households invest in mutual funds—the nation’s fastest growing type of investment. Some investors are saving for a comfortable retirement, other’s for a child’s education. Whatever their goals, shareholders benefit from broad diversification, professional investment management, and ready access to their money. If one decided investing was a sound way to secure their financial future, their next step is to build a balanced portfolio by selecting an investment company and/or suitable investment types. While it may seem daunting—and even overwhelming—there is always someone who stands ready to help an investor. EXPERIENCE Investment Principles In my experiences in dealing with many investment companies, I’ve seen and done many tasks in helping novice and advanced investors chart a course to their financial well being. I have over two years of investment experience with the second largest investment management company in the industry, The Vanguard Group. The company I work for is an old, conservative company with many long-standing values. For example, client-focused values, competitive investment offerings, low costs, diverse fund offerings, and responsive client service. The company was founded on those reasons and continues to prove their great reputation and established lower cost concepts. However, with the changing of the times, so should the company, but in Vanguard’s case its not happening for the benefit of our clients. Vanguard uses a canned financial plan for people we consider conservative, moderate, or aggressive investors. This works in some cases but the problem that I have is every person’s situation is different than the client before. I feel each client should have individual planning based on his or her specific situation. This is a very hard task for a company that has only three offices in the U.S (Valley Forge, PA, Charlotte, NC and Scottsdale, AZ). This benefits the clients because it does lower our costs dramatically, however, it makes things difficult for us to properly plan one’s retirement to the fullest investment potential possible, in other words, making their investments suitable for each client. Practices and Products with Emphasis on Problems of the Small Investor That brings up another problem I’ve had... ...on many exchanges around the world and are continuously traded throughout the day. Thirdly, investors can choose to invest in individual bonds or bond funds. Bonds invest in long-term debt, and they typically earn the largest part of their total returns from interest payments—but they can also generate capital gains or losses. And lastly, investor can invest in mutual funds. Mutual funds are many different companies common stock lumped and managed together making one fund investment. Mutual funds have been around for 70 years and have only grown in popularity in recent years. One can invest in many different types of mutual funds, for example, stock funds, bond funds, and balanced funds. With all that to swallow, one should entrust their money to a company that offers competitive investment performance, has a well-earned reputation for integrity and honestly, and provides investors with responsive and courteous service. If an investor isn’t comfortable managing their own money, they should then consider a professional advisor, because one’s money can’t make money if it’s not invested. Bibliography Morningstar. Real Expectations For Market Returns. 2000. www.morningstar.com.

What Factors affect Britains climate?

Weather is different in every country even city. Climate is the general weather conditions usually found in a particular place. Through climate we can judge the type of fruit or vegetables that grow in a certain area. The Mediterranean climate is good for growing citrus fruits and grapes. Where as the American climate is good for growing bananas and Indian and Pakistani climate is perfect for mangoes. Britain is an island country and is surrounded by sea which gives it a varied climate. We never actually know what the weather will be like, one day it might be sunny the next there might be rain. As we have such a variable climate its hard to predict in general we have warm summers and cool winters our summers our cooler than other countries because we are surrounded by sea but our winters are milder. The main influence on Britain's climate which are important are latitude , altitude ,distance from the sea, ocean currents and the prevailing winds. Latitude: Latitude is the position north or south of the equator measured from 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ to 90à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. If you are on the equator then your latitude would be zero. If you are near the north pole your latitude would be nearly ninety degrees north and if you are more to the south pole your latitude would be almost 90 degrees south. The further away from the equator you are the colder it is. Therefore when we compare the UK with a country such as Egypt, Egypt is always hotter because its more nearer to the equator than UK. As you can see on the diagram Egypt is more nearer to the equator than Britain and is therefore more warmer.(the diagram is not accurate jus a rough estimation of where the two countries may be) as one gets above tropic of cancer or Capricorn, the climate becomes milder, with warm summers and cold winters. This is known as temperate climate and this is what the UK climate is referred as. At points furthest away from the equator, the climate is colder and is called polar. Altitude: Altitude is the height above sea level, the higher we go the colder it gets altitude may be measured in units such as metres or miles but is usually measured in feet. When I say the higher you go the colder it gets a mere example is on top of mountain peeks, the peeks are way high up and it is much much much colder there and therefore the air there freezes into ice or snow. In Britain there are a few mountains but we are surrounded more by the sea and therefore the mountains don't have a lot of effect in Britain. Other countries such as Nepal that have a lot of mountain ranges are very cold and I personally think its because of the mountains. The temperature falls by about 1 degrees for ever 100 metres above sea level. Distance form the sea: The sea is cooler than land during summer and warmer in winter because it conducts heat slower than land and cools down slower than land in winter. Land heats up faster than sea because its denser and has a bit of metal in it which is a very good conductor heat. The centre of continents are subject to a large range of temperatures. In the summer, temperatures can be very hot and dry as moisture from the sea evaporates before it reaches the centre of the continent. Distance from the sea has a great effect on Britain as you can see on the map that Britain is surrounded by water an therefore makes our summer cooler and our winters are much milder. Prevailing wind direction: prevailing wind direction means the direction wind comes from. Winds that blow from the sea often bring rain to the coast and dry weather to inland areas. Winds that blow to Britain from warm inland areas such as Africa (a warm hot area) will be warm and dry. Winds that blow to Britain from inland areas such as the Netherlands (cold region) will be cold and dry in winter. Britain's prevailing winds come from a south westerly direction over the Atlantic. The winds are cool in the summer and mild in the winter. Because Britain's wind comes from the south west this means it brings fairly warm air because it comes from near the equator. It also brings water vapour from the ocean(as it comes over the Atlantic ocean)- and that means more rain! Ocean currents: The North Atlantic Current (North Atlantic Drift and the North Atlantic Sea Movement) is a powerful warm ocean current that continues the Gulf Stream northeast. Ocean currents can have a great effect on tempratures either reduce it or increase it. The main ocean current that affects UK is the gulf stream. The gulf stream is a warm ocean current in the north atlantic flowing from the gulf of mexico. The gulf of mexico has a higher temprature than uk because its more closer to the equator where as uk is more futher away near the north pole. This means that the air coming from the Gulf of Mexico to Britain is also warm. However, the air is also quite moist as it travels over the Atlantic ocean. This is one reason why Britain often has wet weather. Some local factors affecting climate: There are some local factors which don't have a major affect but do in a way affect all climate such as the two following;One place may be warm and dry because it is sheletered by hills whereas another place may unmasked to wind and rain. Also electronic things, cars leting of gas and central heating also give out heat. So therefore the city is made to be more warmer than the countryside. Air mass Some part of the world is hot some is cold. The result is that the air moves around- like the air in a cold building when you turn on the heater or even the cooker in the kitchen. The air moves around the world in huge blocks known as air masses. An air mass can be thousands of km across. It can be warm or cold or any temperature but depending on where it came from. If for example an air mass comes from the north pole and moves over to the UK there will be cold and dry weather if an air mass coming from the equator (a warm dry place) there will be warm weather. Often two different air masses will meet and clash over the UK which causes sudden changes in weather. Many different air masses cross Britain. That's why our weather changes so fast but if an air mass stays very slow or stays in one place the weather stays the same for days. The weather does not change from day to day at the tropics and poles because they have the same type of air mass all year round. Conclusion: In conclusion, although many factors affect Britain some are more imporant than others. Like the direction in which the suns ray hit the earth (equator). How far away a place is from the equator (latitude) the height above sea level (altitude), the distance from the sea, the direction the winds come from and the ocean currents. But all of these are based on one major factor which I didn't mention the SUN. How the sun affects us is affected by the rotation of the earth, latitude and cloud cover. Cloud cover is affected by the wind, another important factor, and the wind is affected by what it has passed over and altitude. Mountains redirect wind or force it up to form clouds if the wind has passed over a warm sea it will warm and wet, and if it has passed over a cold land mass it will be cold and dry. The sea have a huge impact on the land masses. Minor factors such as how built up a place is can have a big impact but in small areas, and lastly the ocean currents also is realted to which sea it came from then where about the sea is(maybe near the equator). So the sun to me is main factor which affects all climste including Britain's but Britains climate is more or less linked with the factor; the distance from the sea which is as I mentioned before is realated to the sun in all ways. Where we live in britain (england) the temprature in winter is not much less than 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C and in summer not much higher than 32à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C in the summer. Also the weather her is damp and there may be lots of sudden changes. Rain is fairly well distributed throughout the year, with February to march being the driest period and October to January the wettest. The Lake District is England's wettest region, receiving and average of 130 inches (330 centimetres) of precipitation( different forms of water falling from the sky) each year.

Money Brings Happiness?

Name: Nguy? n Th? Thu Hi? n Class: Lu? t anh 2 Homework: Many pepple think that money brings happiness. Do you agree with them. Why or why not? Essay: â€Å"Does money bring happiness? † This is the question that everyone has the different answers. I agree with many people about money brings happiness. Money helps we have material comforts and spiritual joy. In fact, if we have no money, we can’t buy goods, clothes, and other necessaries which we need. If we have a lot of money, we can improve our spiritual activities easily.We can go to the movies every weekend, and we can buy any expensive gifts for the people who we love. Money helps the poor have a will-fed life. For the rich, money helps them have pure happiness because they can help the poor and the victims of the disasters. It is said that: â€Å" Money is the root of all evil. † No, it is not true. Money is normally the fruit of labour. The question is how one spends that money. There is nothing good or e vil about money. The same money which can help bring relief to the suffering millions, can be used to build up armaments.The power decides how to spend the money. ————————————————- In summary, the money brings happiness only when we use it properly. The right use of money may bring us a comfortable life and a cheerful heart. Ng? c Tho? i Nguy? n Being poor can certainly bring unhappiness, but having money does not guarantee happiness. Some people assume that because extreme poverty brings extreme unhappiness that the opposite must be true. It is not. There are a lot of very unhappy very rich people.Acquiring money can too easily become the center of life's focus and that can become an obsession. Like most obsessions, it's not a good thing. The Bible says that the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. That seems to be a universal truth. When you love money more than anything else in life you will find that you can never get enough of it. When life only revolves around getting money you start to obsess over what it can bring you and then you lose any chance of happiness. ————————————————- The happiest people I know are not the richest.They are the people who have learned to be happy with what they have and make the most of life. I have seen people made deeply miserable by poverty, but at the same time I have seen relatively poor people who are happy because they have a positive and thankful attitude about life. Nguyen Khac Hoang: We are living in the 21th century, when many new inventions have discovered. As far as I know, one of them, which has big influence over the world is internet. So do you wonder: â€Å" Why do they like to use the Internet? † The internet always brings a better life.In fact, without internet people are alive and still exist but nobody can deny the benefits of the it. Firstly, it’s a source of information. People can get the latest information about weather forecast, daily events all around the world†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. at any time as well. Before the Internet was invented, people can’t get the information as fast as now, they must watch TV programs, buy newspapers or magazines. Thanks to Internet, we can widen our knowledge in an inexpensive and convenient way. Secondly, Internet is a source of entertainment. If y feel tired of bored, y can listen to music or watch any films y like.Moreover, many people like to play games on the Internet because they are very interesting, wonderful and this doesn’t cost as much. You can also communicate with friends or ralatives by means of e-mail or chatting. Thirdly, Internet is a good mean of education. Teachers can teach on the Internet. Students can find various kinds of tests to do. In addition, they now can use the Internet as a time – saving decide by online schools or online lessons. In conclusion, almost every aspect of our life is concerned with the Internet. It’s a wonderful invention of our modern life. It makes our world a small village.

Multi-Calendar Plans Manage Every Client With CoSchedule

Multi-Calendar Plans Manage Every Client With As a marketing agency, managing multiple clients used to be tough. Client A used a Google Sheet for their marketing schedule.  Bleh. Client B used  a clunky project management tool. Client C used email. #nightmare ^ You get the picture. Now that hassle, confusion, and time-suck of managing multiple clients marketing projects is over. You can finally organize every project from every client in one place. And youre doing it with multi-calendar, the newest feature in your most beloved marketing + social media project management tool, . :) Lets boost your marketing agencys efficiency + effectiveness, shall we? Manage Multiple Clients With Multi-Calendar [New Feature]Organize Every Project From  Every Client In 1  Place Imagine a life without complex spreadsheets only you (or your clients) understand. What about ditching confusing email threads altogether? Awww, the good life. ^ But it  is totally possible. has always been  the #1 marketing calendar for everything you need organized. And now you  can easily manage multiple clients in by giving each of them their own  calendar. That gives you, as the efficient marketing agency you are ;), one place to work  on all of your clients projects. Every calendar helps you plan + execute tons of different types of content  and social media campaigns. So  you can customize each clients calendar for their specific needs. That gives you incredible organizational power with a single login for you + a beautiful experience for your clients. Agencies! Organize every #marketing project from every client in 1 place.Simplify Your Team + Client Workflows And  Collaboration Process boosts efficiency. And many  clients + projects have different requirements. So use to easily customize your workflows for each client + project as much as you need. makes it easy to create  a Task Template and save it to easily apply again  later (which, lets face it, saves you a ton of time on those repeat projects). Plus, you can  customize an unlimited amount of Task Templates for every client. That gives you complete control  to  delight every client. Youll also ditch long email threads by  attaching the communication to your projects in . That gives everyone  working on a project the complete picture of your progress at a glance. (And that also means zero  digging through a busy email inbox for updates.) All of this organization keeps your clients in the loop + keeps projects moving forward + helps you hit deadlines. Stay on track. Execute faster. Avoid the busywork. +  marketing agencies #FTWCustomize To Fit Your Clients Needs Some of your clients  may be building their following on Instagram. Others focus specifically on their WordPress blog. Others are huge fans of creating their content in Google Docs. ^ You can customize each of your clients experiences within their calendars. That makes your go-to source for starting any project. And as your marketing agency grows (which, lets be honest, youre crushing it), scales with you. Customize your team + client workflows + integrations with !Improve Client Retention With Data-Driven Results Prove the ROI of the work you do with real  data everyone can understand! You  and your clients will see  the success of every social media message you share. And youll also see the success of your content as a whole. When you scale to Multi-Calendar Plus or Pro plans, youll also see the results of your entire social media strategy in one place with your Social Engagement Report. Easily show your clients your success to  maintain  long-term business for your marketing agency!

Which Material Withstand a Fire

Which Material Withstand a Fire Introduction Fire presents one of the greatest threats to property. As such, building design and construction must take into account the wide range of fire safety features.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Which Material Withstand a Fire specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Not only must the interiors and contents of buildings be protected from the dangers of fire; the building site itself must be planned to ensure accessibility of both fire departments and water suppliers. Building plan and construction procedures have changed considerably during the past century (Allen and Iano 12). A century ago, design techniques and materials, such as structural steel, reinforced concrete, and slab construction, was unknown and unimagined. In that era, major fires were common occurrences in cities. Due to combustible construction and poor city planning, whole cities were often destroyed by fire. As a result of those disaster s, increased attention was given to fire safety in building design. This paper examines the building materials that can withstand fire. Fire safety in buildings through design Before a building designer can make effective decisions relating to fire safety design, the needs of the client regarding the function of the building and the general and unique conditions that are to be incorporated into the building must be clearly identified. Decisions regarding the fire safety design and construction of the building should be made in the following areas: life safety; property protection; and continuity of operations (Association of Fire Chiefs International 12). These objectives describe the degree to which the building should protect its occupants, property contents, continuity of operations, and neighbors. The objectives should be quantified wherever possible, rather than stated in broad or general terms. Design considerations for life safety must address the question of who the occupant s of the house are and what they will be doing most of the time. The identification of a specific function patterns and constraints is vital in designing fire protection features that recognize occupant conditions and activities (Allen and Iano 15). There is an important question to be asked about the design of buildings with regard to protection of property. The requirements with regard to protection of property within a building are often fairly easy to identify. Materials of high value that are particularly susceptible to fire and or smoke can usually be identified in advance of building design. For instance, vital records that cannot be replaced easily or quickly can be identified in advance as needing special fire protection design considerations (Allen and Iano 19).Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Continuity of operations, the third major area of b uilding design decision-making, must take into consideration those functions conducted in a building that are vital to continuing operation, and that cannot be transferred to another location (Association of Fire Chiefs International 38). In this regard, the owner must identify for the designer the amount of time an operation can be suspended without completely suspending total operations. Indirect loss or loss of business income must be considered as a part of this downtime. The degree of protection required in fire-safe building design varies with the number and scope of operations that are nontransferable (National Fire Protection Association 44). When the designer and owner either consciously or unconsciously overlook or ignore the possibility of fire in the building to be constructed, the building and its occupants are endangered (Allen and Iano 28). The broad approach to the fire-safe design of a building requires a clear understanding of the building’s function, the nu mber and kinds of people who will be using it, and the kinds of things they will be doing. In addition, appropriate construction and protection features must be provided for the protection of the contents and, particularly for mercantile and industrial buildings, to ensure the continuity of operations if a fire should occur (Domone 35). The fire-safety of a building will depend first on what is done to prevent a fire from staring in the building, and second on what is done through design, construction, and management to minimize the spread of fire if and when it happens. Good housekeeping is perhaps the major factor in both fire prevention and control (Allen and Iano 48). Keeping the fuel load down only lessens the amount of material that can be ignited, but provides less material that can be consumed if a fire breaks out. Once a fire has started, its spread will depend on the design of the building, materials used in construction, building furnishings and contents, methods of venti lation, and fire suppression systems, if any (National Fire Protection Association 59). These elements are within the decision-making authority of various members of the design team, based on the assumption that their fire-safety objectives are clearly defined by management, the owners, and other responsible partners, both from the private and public sectors.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Which Material Withstand a Fire specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The design and construction elements should be organized in a manner that can give a quick overview of the major aspects that must be considered for fire-safety. They should also show features that include both active and passive design and construction considerations (Association of Fire Chiefs International 62). Two major categories of decisions should be made early in the design process of a building in order to provide effective fire-safe design. Early considerations should be given to both the interior building functions and exterior site planning. Building fire defenses, both active and passive, should be designed in such a way that the building itself assists in the manual suppression of fire (National Fire Protection Association 70). Interior design, circulation patterns, materials used in finishing, material, and building services are all central fire-safety factors in building plan. Building design also has a major influence of the effectiveness of the fire department operations. As a result, manual fire suppression activities should be considered during all architectural design phases. One of the important considerations in building design is access to the fire area (Allen and Iano 59). In larger and more complex buildings, serious fires over the years have brought improvements in building design to facilitate fire department operations. The larger the building, the important access for firefighting becomes. In some buildin gs where the fire fighters cannot function effectively, the best solution is provision of a complete automatic sprinkler system, supplemented by a standpipe system for fire department use (Domone 60). Ventilation is of vital importance in removing smoking, gases, and heat so that fire fighters can reach the seat of ablaze. It is difficult, if not impossible, to ventilate a building unless appropriate skylights, roof hatches, and similar devices are provided when the building is constructed. Ventilation of building spaces performs the following important functions. To begin with, it protects (Allen and Iano 62). It aids in the enhancement of the environment close to the fire by elimination of smoke and heat. This enhances fire fighters to press forward close to the fire to put it out with the least time, water, and damage (Association of Fire Chiefs International 71). It enhances control of the spread or course of fire by creating air currents that make the fire go in a specified dir ection. This enables protection of the property or those occupying the building. Lastly, it helps in the provision of a release for unburned, flammable gases before they get a flammable mixture, hence, curbing a back draft or smoke explosion (National Fire Protection Association 81).Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Connections for sprinklers and standpipes must be carefully located and clearly marked. The larger and taller the building becomes, the greater the volume and pressure of water that will be needed for a potential fire (Allen and Iano 65). Water damage may be very costly unless adequate measures, such as floor drains and scuppers, have been incorporated into the building design. Confinement of a fire in a high-rise building can only be accomplished by careful design and planning for the whole building. As buildings increase in size and complexity, more dependence on suppression systems is necessary (Domone 74). Appropriate building blueprint for fire protection should take in a number of factors outside the building itself. The building site will affect the design. Among the significant considerations are traffic and transportation conditions, fire department accessibility and water supply. Inadequate water supply and poor spacing of hydrants have contributed to the loss of many buil dings (Association of Fire Chiefs International 79). Fire department accessibility response is a vital factor in building design considerations. Traffic access routes, traffic congestion at times of the day, traffic congestion from highway entrances and exits, and limited access highways have significant effects on fire department response distances and response time, and must be taken into account by building designers in selecting appropriate fire defenses for a building (National Fire Protection Association 87). As such, building designers must ensure that the building is easily accessible to fire apparatus. However, such accessibility is not always possible. When apparatus cannot come close enough to the building to be used effectively, equipment such as aerial ladders, elevating platforms and water tower apparatus can be rendered useless (Allen and Iano 79). Another important consideration in designing a house for fire safety is the water supply to the site. A building designer must ensure that the water mains are adequate and that the hydrants are properly located. The more congested the area of the building is to be located, the important it is to plan in advance what the fire department may face in its attack, if a fire occurs on the property (Domone 85). An adequate water supply delivered with the necessary pressure is required to control fire properly and adequately. The designer must also account for the water supply demands for fixed suppression systems, such as sprinklers and standpipes. These demands may reduce the supply available to the fire apparatus (National Fire Protection Association 98). Another consideration in the design of a building is the possibility of damage from a fire in an adjoining building. The building may be exposed to heat radiated horizontally by flames from the windows of the burning neighboring building. If the exposed building is taller that the burning building, flames coming from the roof of the burning building can i mpinge on and damage the exposed building (National Fire Protection Association 100). The damage form an exposed building can be severe. It is dependent on the amount of heat produced and length of exposure, the fuel load in the exposed building, and the construction and protection of the walls and roof of the exposed building. Other factors that can contribute to this severity include the distance of separation, wind direction, and accessibility of fire fighters (Association of Fire Chiefs International 125). Fire severity is a description of the total energy of a fire, and involves both the temperatures developed within the exposing fire and the duration of the burning. The severity of exposure is calculated on the width and height and the percentage of openings in the exposing wall areas and the estimated fire loadings of the buildings involved (Domone 79). Building designers should be aware that blank walls, closing wall openings, use of automatic deluge water curtains, which di scharge water directly on one of the vertical surfaces of the exposed building, and use of wired glass instead of ordinary glass could reduce the separation distance hazards between the exposing buildings (Allen and Iano 93). Materials that can withstand fire: reinforced steel and concrete The previous discussion has dealt with the considerations that should be put into place in designing a house in order to ensure that it is fire-safe. In the next section, this paper examines how buildings can be fire-safe using construction materials that can withstand fire. Construction materials that can withstand fire are found in Type I construction (Domone 86). Type I construction, also known as fire-resistive construction is the most fire-resistive category of building construction. It is used for buildings designed for large numbers of people, buildings with a high life-safety hazard, tall buildings, large-area buildings and buildings containing special hazards. Type I construction is commo nly found in schools, hospitals, and high-rise buildings (Allen and Iano 95). A building with Type I construction can withstand and contain fire for a longer period of time than buildings with Type II, III, IV, or V. The fire resistance and combustibility of all building materials are carefully evaluated, and each building component must be engineered to contribute to fire resistance of the entire building to warrant this classification. All of the structural members and components used in Type I construction must be made of noncombustible materials, such as steel, concrete, or limited combustible materials such as gypsum board. In addition, the structure must be constructed or protected so that there are at least two hours of fire resistance (National Fire Protection Association 129). If a Type I building exceeds specific height and area limitations, codes generally require the use of fire-resistive walls or floors to subdivide it into compartments. A compartment might consist of a single floor in a high-rise building or a part of a floor in a large area building. In any event, a fire in one compartment should to spread to any other parts of the building. To ensure that fire is contained, stairways, elevators shafts, and utility shafts should be enclosed in construction that prevents fire from spreading from floor to the floor or from compartment to compartment (Association of Fire Chiefs International 132). Steel is the most vital metal used in construction of buildings. It is normally accessible and relatively cheap. Without it, construction would be restricted to enormous all-masonry buildings with domed floors, or masonry wall-bearing buildings with wooden floors. Steel is very tough. Its compressive power is equal to its tensile strength. Its shear strength is almost equal to its tensile strength. This great strength makes steel members of comparatively small mass to hold heavy loads, mainly when used in trusses. Nevertheless, fire resistance, is a funct ion of mass. Such tough but lightweight members have little intrinsic fire resistance (Allen and Iano 112). Steel has several important characteristics to consider regarding its behavior in fire. To begin with, considerable elongation can occur in a steel member at normal fire temperatures. This elongation may lead to the disturbance of building components, such as masonry adjacent to the ends of the steel. If the steel cannot get longer because of restriction, it will crumple or overturn. This can be significant when other components rest on a steel chamber. At higher temperatures, steel members completely fail, bringing about the collapse of the structure. Another characteristic of steel is that it is a good conductor. As such, it transmits heat readily (Association of Fire Chiefs International 172). Often the first structure that comes to mind when steel is mentioned as a construction material is the high-rise building. The development of steel framing an engineering technique ma de it possible to erect tall buildings. The strength of steel, the consistency of its structural characteristics, and its ability to be connected to other structural elements so that loads can be adequately transferred are all-important to the use of steel as a building material. Only a few specialized buildings, such as fiberglass buildings, that are invisible to electromagnetic radiation or less affected by corrosive atmospheres, are built without steel (Domone 116). The fire effect on steel can be crucial to the stability of almost any of the building during a fire incident. Steel fire escapes are provided on many buildings. If, in good condition, they can be useful, not only in evacuating occupants, but also for fire department access. Steel reinforcing bars and cold-drawn steel tendons are vital to concrete construction in providing the tensile strength that concrete lacks. Steel is used in concrete flooring systems. Corrugated steel provides ‘left in place’ forms, which are often designed to react together with the concrete under load, thus forming a composite (Allen and Iano 121). Apart from steel, the other building material that can withstand fire is concrete. Although concrete is taken to be a contemporary building material, it has been used in the past millennia. The use of concrete has changed dramatically over the last century as poor understanding about the material, and how it is made has improved. The industry continues to evolve today as experience grows and its versatility and cost effectiveness is exploited. The design, construction method, materials used and standards of workmanship employed in the creation of a concrete structure will vary enormously according to the date of its construction. All these factors will affect the durability of the structure, and may result in particular deterioration problems that correlate to the construction period (Macdonald 103). The ability of concrete to withstand fire is dependent on the ag gregates forming it. Concrete is made up of aggregates of various sizes, broadly categorized as fine (commonly sand), and coarse (typically crushed stone or gravel), combined with cement paste (a mixture of cement and water), which acts as a binder (Macdonald 115). The greater proportion of concrete is aggregate, known as the filler, which is bulky and relatively cheaper than the cement. As the constituents of concrete derive from stone, it has been known variously as artificial stone, cast stone, reconstructed stone and reconstituted stone (Macdonald 117). The most commonly used binder in modern concrete is Portland cement. Portland cement is commercially manufactured by blending limestone or chalk with clays that contain alumina, silica, lime, iron oxide and magnesia. The compounds are heated together to high temperatures. During this process, the calcium carbonate in the limestone loses carbon dioxide, leaving the lime. The products in the clays, such as alumina and silica, are w hat provide the hydraulic properties (Macdonald 119). The heating process chemically combines these materials through partial melting of the silicates and vitrification on cooling to form compounds of silicates, aluminates and aluminosilicates in the form of a clinker. This is then finely grounded to a powder. Other cementitious binders used as partial replacements for Portland cement include blast furnace, pulverized fly ash, and silica-fume cement replacement materials. The use of different binder types varies the characteristics of the concrete, in particular its permeability to water and hence its durability (Macdonald 120). In order for concrete to withstand fire, it has to be reinforced. Concrete is known to be very strong in compression, but relatively weak in tension. To overcome this deficiency when concrete is used as a structural building material, and to combat early shrinkage and control subsequent diurnal thermal expansion and contraction, reinforcement is included in areas where tension occurs to create reinforced concrete. Steel and concrete posses similar coefficients of thermal expansion and form an effective composite section. Concrete is mixed wet, poured around the placed reinforcement into the formwork, and compacted or vibrated to expel air (Domone 142). Due to the importance of assessing the fire resistance of buildings and building materials, a great deal of work has been done to develop test procedures that assess the way building materials and structural assemblies perform under fire conditions. It is important to keep in mind that these tests must be repeatable in order to obtain uniform results from different testing laboratories. There is a possibility of approximating the damage that is caused by fire in a building. This can be achieved by examining the types and amount of materials that can burn in the building, as well as the way they are distributed. These two factors not only indicate the rate of combustion and the duration o f the fire, but also the difficult that might be encountered when automatic suppression systems are activated or when manual suppression is attempted (Allen and Iano 134). Conclusion In conclusion, in terms of fire protection, building design and construction practices have improved over the years, but far too many buildings are still not fire-safe. Many building designers, either through ignorance of for reasons of economy, do not put the necessary precautions to ensure that buildings are fire-safe. Highly combustibles contents, even in a well-designed building, can cause severe fire damage. Unprotected steel can fail quickly in a fire. Tests can be made to determine the ability of the structural elements of a building to withstand fire. Fire safety is taken for granted by many individuals until a serious fire occurs. Education of building designers, building owners, and the public can lead to truly fire-safe building design. Allen, Edward and Joseph Iano. Fundamentals of Building Construction Materials and Methods. New York: John Wiley Sons, 2011. Association of Fire Chiefs International. Fire Inspector: Principles and Practice. New York: Jones Barlett, 2011. Domone, Peter. Construction Materials, their Nature and Behaviors. London: Taylor Francis, 2010. Macdonald, Susan. Concrete: Building Pathology. New York: John Wiley Sons, 2003. National Fire Protection Association. National Fire Codes. New York: Jones Barlett, 2006.

Project Managment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Project Managment - Assignment Example The management board of Dell Corporation would like to design and develop personal computers that will appeal to twenty-five to forty-five year old business executives. However, before the actual process of design and development commences, it became extremely important to contract MarketWorld Ltd to do a market research to determine the features of the new computers that will appeal to the business executives. In addition, the research is to identify the type and number of business executives who are likely to purchase the classic computers as well as the price they are willing to pay. This information will be vey important because it will dictate the number of computers to be produced in future, thus help Dell Corporation decide whether to produce new brand of classic computers or not. The main features of the project include; research will be confirmatory and exploratory; qualitative and quantitative; sample size will be three thousand five hundred business executives; it will use desktop research, focus groups, interviews and email to collect both primary and secondary data. First, seventy percent (70%) of market research will be exploratory while the remaining thirty percent (30%) will be confirmatory. This is because Dell Corporation is seeking better ideas that will yield highly enduring and marketable personal computers. Secondly, sixty percent (60%) of the market research will be qualitative in nature while the remaining forty percent (40%) will be quantitative. Thirdly, data will be collected through use of focus groups, ethnographic observation, e-mail, telephone and personal interviews. Fourth, research will sample three thousand five hundred business executives in the United Kingdom. Fifth, eighty percent (80%) of the data collected will be from primary sources while the remaining twenty percent (20%) will be from secondary sources. To measure the performance and progress of the market research project, costs, performance as

International Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

International Business - Assignment Example Secondly, the culture of the people of USA is different to that of the people of Turkey. Evidently, the Turkey citizens have different beliefs to people of the United States of America hence a person working in the USA will be more diverse in terms of norms and beliefs to that person working in Turkey(Czinkota, 1989). In addition, the language barrier is another factor that brings the contradiction in the two working regions; that is USA and Turkey (DRS, 2012). For example, the national language of Turkey is Turkish while that of the United States of America is English. Therefore this vividly brings out the difference of working in the two countries. Furthermore, the constitution of the country Turkey is different to that of the USA (Czinkota, 1989). Evidently there are a number of things the government of Turkey approves one to engage in but the government of USA totally bans them totally and vice versa. In conclusion, there are a lot of things that may prohibit a person to work in a particular country and make that country unfavorable working environment. Clearly, this is highlighted throughout the book and one can practically hand pick

Analyzes pages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyzes pages - Essay Example When one considers the role transportation plays in the global dissemination of goods and services, it is but natural to conclude that those nations that constitute the hub of international shipping and road routes are poised to benefit much owing to their geographical location. According to Warf, globalization signifies a â€Å"†¦ unprecedented growth in interconnectedness, of flows of capital, goods, people and information across those borders†¦ (Warf 271).† Being geographically located at important points on the international trade routes makes a nation have access to the global goods and services and the commensurate influences they bring in their wake (Warf 284). Thereby, being exposed to the global trading activities, such nations but naturally tend to accrue economic efficiency that is the hallmark of globalization owing to having a ready access to a wide range of goods and services at a low cost, the economies of scale and the competitive advantage that goes with them. Such nations are also more exposed to diverse ideas, philosophies and cultures (Warf 284). Geographically speaking, being the primary producer of a specific resource also makes a nations accrue the fruits of globalization. For instance, considering the concentration of the petroleum industry in the Middle East, the nations in this region are bound to be influenced by global trends and ideas and are relatively more susceptible to globalization. However, the thing that needs to be kept in mind is that many a time geography may also impede globalization. For instance the regions where the transportation routes and communications technologies are not well developed like say the sub-Saharan nations, owing to economic, political, cultural or climatic reasons, may not cull out the benefits of globalization. This is because such regions are not conducive to the free flow of goods and services, people and ideas for globalization is about,

The themes in Hamlet Essay Example for Free

The themes in Hamlet Essay Hamlet by William Shakespeare is a revenge tragedy that illustrates a tragic heros struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity, and the need to avenge his fathers murder. Hamlet the prince of Denmark discovers from his fathers ghost that his father has been murdered with malicious premeditation and this atrocious act was committed by none other than his uncle Claudius. Inevitably Hamlet is instigated to seek revenge, however is incapable of such action due to the need for certainty and other emotional, psychological, and ethical factors; thus he remains indecisive. Through Hamlets complex, divided, introspective character and with the help of such an intriguing plot Shakespeare exposes the themes of immorality, revenge, and death; which are evidently the most significant and recurring themes throughout the play. Immorality plays a significant role in the play. The plot commences with Claudius not only committing the immoral act of regicide but also repulsively seducing the queen into marriage; completely disrupting the natural order of Denmark. Therefore Claudius has deprived the prior king of life, of crown, of queen Such corruption leads to Denmark being represented as a physical body which has been made ill as the people come to believe that something is rotten in the state. (I, iv, 90) The appearance of the previous kings ghost confirms a sense of foreboding about the future of the country since the new king has forced himself onto the throne through corrupt means. All this corruption affects Hamlets view of the world as well, where he comes to believe that the world is merely possessed by things rank in gross in nature. ( I, ii, 136) Even before Hamlet encounters his fathers ghost who reveals the truth about the murder, Hamlet is searing with indignation over how his mother with most wicked speed, [did] post with such dexterity to incestuous sheets (I,ii,156 157) Thus Hamlet foreshadows that such dissolute deeds cannot come to good (I. ii. 158) However when the ghost does reveal the truth Hamlet is overwhelmed with disgust at the immorality and injustice of his own uncles and his mothers foul deeds. Inevitably the occurrences of such immoral acts have brought a burning need within Hamlet, a need to seek to revenge; which is another significant theme that recurs throughout the play. Indisputably, revenge is probably the most essential theme in the development of Hamlet. Revenge is a dreadful, decadent and a bloodthirsty emotion and is the driving force behind two of the main characters in the play- Hamlet and Laertes. However Shakespeares conduct of revenge within Hamlet differs completely to the quintessential style of revenge during his era. Shakespeares illustration of revenge delves more into the physiological and moral aspect of seeking revenge; where he portrays that revenge is not an action that usually comes innately because even overpowering emotion cannot bring about immediate action. Therefore Hamlet contemplates heavily and plans the revenge, but fails to put his ideas into action until the last scene. The first sign of revenge is evidently seen in the beginning where Hamlets fathers ghost urges him to revenge his foul and most unnatural murder. (I. v.25). However Hamlet was still not convinced by the ghost as he believes it may be the devil( II,ii) Therefore in order to catch Claudiuss conscience and prove the ghosts message, Hamlet has a play enacted in the scenario of his fathers murder. This shows Hamlets need for certainty and deep contemplation. Even after The kings outburst when he had the perfect opportunity to kill whilst he was praying, Hamlet failed to perform. Hamlet states Now he is praying a villain kills my father and for that, I, his sole son, do this same villain send to heaven( III,iii). It is evident that Hamlet is a man with too much reason (III.ii) and not enough action. One could argue that it is as if he develops excuses for not completing the deed, mainly because he is human and that the deed is immoral. Therefore he is incapable of performing such action immediately. This proves that every action; even revenge is affected by rational considerations, involving the need for truth or certainty as well as moral, physiological and emotional factors. Nevertheless it seems as though Hamlet disbelieves the notion of performing a deed in a purposeful and controlled way; because when Hamlet does take action; killing Polonius, he prefers to do it irresponsibly, blindly and viciously. It evidently shows his thirst for revenge as well as the obscurity and complexity of his character. Hamlets blind, irrational, and impulsive, manner of killing Polonius without being aware of his identitiy formulates the beginning of a vicious cycle of retribution; as Hamlet becomes a part of Denmarks squalor and misery. This irrepressible and unjustifiable murder instigated Laertess(Poloniuss son) quest to avenge his fathers death. Later on in act 5 Hamlet and Laertes have the opportunity to avenge their fathers in a gruesome duel. However this only leads to their downfall, revenges eventual outcome- death. Shakespeare utilizes the theme of death as a cleanser of corruption, as all the corrupt players are killed through unnatural means which ultimately restores the natural order of Denmark. As destined the characters receive the deaths they deserve. Thus the king dies in Hamlets hand as well as being poisoned like the queen, whereas Hamlet dies in a soldierly fashion being provided the respect a soldier deserves. Inevitably death is seen as the ultimate resolution for immoral injustice. Death is not only seen as a cleanser of corruption but according to Hamlet death carries various meaning involving freedom, inevitability and the fact that death renders life meaningless. It is evident that Hamlets obsession with death works in three stages: death as a means of escape or freedom, his circle of life theory and the physical decay of death which proves the futility of life. From the very beginning Hamlets seems to find the world weary, stale, flat and unprofitable. (I,ii,129-134) and would have ended his agony by committing suicide if the everlasting had not fixed his canon `gainst self-slaughter. ( I. ii. 129-134) Hamlet ponders over the means to handle his outrageous fortune(III,i, lines 58-70)and contemplates whether he should fight the slings and arrows (III,i lines 58-70) that life has thrown upon him or he should end the heart ache and a thousand natural shocks (III, i,lines 58-70) by killing himself. However he is afraid of the after life and chooses the nobler (III. i, 58-70) path to face the suffering of life in order to avoid the gruesome aftermath of death. According to Hamlet aftermath can also involve the grave where the person has to face worms and maggots feeding on him, evidently pointing out that death is a leveler which inevitably everyone is entitled for. Therefore he believes that life goes around in a circle because a man may fish with the worm that hath eat of a king, and eat of the fish that hath feed of that worm. (IV,iii, 30-32) Hamlet also believes that life is meaningless because after death all physical beauty is lost. So with Yoricks skull in hand he reminisces upon all the moments he spent with Yorick and what has become of him now. Likewise, regardless of how women emphasize on their beauty; as Hamlet states to this favor she must come. (V. i. 192-195) Evidently Shakespeare, through the voice of Hamlet proves that all the greed and lust for power eventually leads to nothing in the face of death. Shakespeares utilization of the significant intertwining themes of death, revenge and immorality, he is able to coherently elucidate how immoral injustice can never be restored and unless all the corrupt players are purged and a new king, in this case Fortinbras, is crowned. In addition Shakespeare also exposes that ultimately revenge is not the solution for internal peace but rather when committed it brings forth chaos and disorder within the society; forcing death to be the only resolution to cleanse the corruption and bring back peace and harmony to the state. In the process of the play these universal themes are dealt not in the conventional sense but in a reality based fashion which any human being can easily relate to, and this is what makes Hamlet such a tour de force.

Huck Finn Paper :: essays research papers fc

How would you like to have a drunk, abusive father? Well in Huckleberry Finn’s everyday life that’s what he has to deal with. Huck‘s father, which he calls Pap, has a really bad drinking problem which adds on to his abusive ways. In this story Huck inherited a large sum of money and the towns people knew that Pap would be coming for him and the money. Pap is characterized different from the novel, the movie, and Big River, can he really be compassionate? Pap seems to be victimized by the government as the town drunk and not a good role model for his son, but it turns around when he shows compassion when he thinks Huck has died.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the movie Huck portrays his death so he could escape his abusive father. When Pap arrives to the made up murder scene he seems very upset. Pap started crying and screaming at the thought of his son being murdered. The money that Huck inherited was the driving force for Pap to be reunited with him. The made up death however shows that Pap wanted to be a part of Huck’s life. Pap wanted what was best for Huck. It seemed like Pap wanted to be a part of Huck’s life that’s why he brought Huck out to the cabin to where no one could civilize him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the novel, Pap didn’t seem to care about Huck. The only reason he wanted to take Huck into his custody was for the money so he could buy alcohol, as that‘s what the people in the town thought. Huck was afraid of his father since he always abused him. â€Å"I used to be scared of him all the time, he tanned me so much. I reckoned I was scared now, too† (Twain 19). Huck was in a good home, living with Widow Douglas and Mrs. Watson; he was actually getting educated and the positive teaching such as praying as he should. â€Å"She told me to pray everyday† (Twain 12). Pap didn’t want that; he didn’t feel the need for his son to be educated if he wasn’t. â€Å"You’re educated, too, they say--can read and write. You think you’re better’n your father, now, don’t you, because he can’t?† (Twain 21). Even though Pap was very abusive, a drunk and seemed to be really mean, he struggle d through the death of his son.